FATAL HÆMORRHAGE FROM VARICOSE VEINS.

Fatal pulmonary embolism following compression sclerotherapy for varicose veins.

Case report A 36-year-old housewife was referred by her general practitioner to the outpatient department in September 1970. She gave a 10 year history of discomfort in her right calf on prolonged standing and slight ankle swelling towards the end of the day. There was no significant past medical history. Two pregnancies had been uneventful and there had been no previous episode suggesting deep...

Varicose Veins

Under normal circumstances, blood collected from superficial venous capillaries is directed upward and inward via one-way valves into superficial veins. These in turn drain via perforator veins, which pass through muscle fascia into deeper veins buried under the fascia. Leakage in a valve causes retrograde flow back into the vein. Unlike deep veins which are thick-walled and confined by fascia,...

Varicose Veins

Tissue remodeling investigation in varicose veins

Although the etiology of varicose veins remains unknown, recent studies have focused on endothelial cell integrity and function because the endothelium regulates vessel tone and synthesizes many pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence involving the endothelium in the development of varicose vein disease. In addition, tissue remodeling was invest...

Varicose veins today.

A decade ago a doctor’s advice to a patient with varicose veins was easy: the alternatives are injection sclerotherapy or surgery. Only these techniques have existed long enough to know about both their shortand long-term results. Results have generally been disappointing, with high recurrence rates as time goes by1. The past few years have witnessed an explosion in types of minimally invasive ...